![]() ![]() No cancellations or address change after the order was shipped out. Double Check your address before placing the order. ****All shipping Times are estimate and can take longer especially during Holiday season.**** Remember the ones you love with a remembrance t-shirts from Hudson Customs. Priority Mail Express Shipping 1-3 business days Materials: custom, custom tshirt, in loving memory, rip, rest in peace, memorial photo, remeberance, celebration, funeral, urn, custom tshirts Express memorial shirts ship out with 24 hours Mockup Proof sent BEFORE printing. Priority Mail Shipping 2-5 business days Friday orders will be processed on Monday) All orders are processed in one business day after the payment and all customization details are received (if you order Monday, it will leave our facility Tuesday. Colors on the shirt may not be as bright and due to brightness and resolution of your monitor or screen. The best way to get the size you need is to measure a shirt that fits you or your child best and get the similar length using the size chart (last picture). Sizing: Please consult the size chart (last picture) before placing the order. Our designs feature a one-off custom hand painted shirt made to feel like no other shirt on the market. We use Gildan Cotton T-shirts and Gildan Heavy Cotton shirts. We reserve the right to cancel any order that is missing customization details. To send us a picture, just shoot us a message after placing an order. We offer many versions of this shirt with wording ranging from Rest in Heaven Shirt, In Loving Memory shirt, Rest In peace shirt, Photo T shirt, Good Die Young Shirt, RIP Shirt, and so much more.Įach shirt typically has a 3 word phrase on the top of the photo with their first name under the photo with their passing and birthdate down the side. Our In Loving Memory shirt is a way to keep your loved one close to you.
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![]() €” Telugu journalism projects in II Semester by 1st Degree Students. Classes who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates. (A) (ii) CENTRES OF Civil Services (Mains) EXAMINATION:- AHMEDABAD. €” “We are in desperate need of Management Subject books in Telugu.†Principal. Special classes will be arranged to Telugu medium students who are coming from.429 pages View PDF Guntur, ii) to develop competent human resources for propagation of. medium courses from Telugu medium at Intermediate level.257 pages View PDF €” lab, 4 science labs, (Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Zoology) four separate staff. School in 1852 was raised to the status of second grade College in 1884. Zoology Text Book Telugu Akademy, Hyderabad, (2010).621 pages View PDF €” Faculty are involved in taking classes for MBA International Business students. government schemes pdf in teluguAll Books8th class biology study .2 pages View PDF TS Intermediate Class 11 and 12 BooksClass 11 and 12 books are added upon user request. ![]() TELUGU ACADEMI and NCERT First and Second year Textbooks (IA, IB, IIA, IIB).49 pages View PDF If still after doing all these things, you can’t download these notes, simply email us at or Whatsapp Us at +91 8979171604 (for fast response).Woven Words – Textbook in English for Class XI (Elective Course) – NCERT. ![]()
![]() If you’re in a spotty area and you skip the current song, you’re out of luck. Now it doesn’t seem to cache the next song until the current one is half way done. Ever since Offline mode was introduced, the streaming cache has been severely reduced. Offline mode also seems hesitant to switch back online despite a strong and solid network connection.Ĥ. Offline songs are noticeably louder than if they’re streamed. If you change stations or skip songs, sometimes the Now Playing screen will still show the previous song for a good 10 seconds or more, during which time onscreen controls like Pause will not work.ģ. Stations don’t load (blank screen) sometimes, forcing you to use your phone to get started. Keeps going from Now Playing back to the Stations screen. OMG, where to begin? CarPlay with this app is a disaster. ![]() So when you open it back up, everything needs to reload and whatever song you were listening to is gone.Ģ. Even if you’re not doing anything else with your phone. App seems to get shut down in the background after only a few minutes if it’s not playing music. All of my complaints are with the app and not this app itself.ġ. Liked Pandora? here are 5 Music apps like Figure - Make Music & Beats Groovepad - Music & Beat Maker 80s Music: The Best Radio Stations of the 80 SiriusXM: Music, Sports & News TIDAL Music Newly Released: Hear the newest releases from station artists.ġ2. Meet Pandora Modes - The new way to customize your station experience.ġ1. The new voice mode lets you search, play, pause, skip, adjust volume & thumb up music with a simple voice command.ġ0. Start streaming all of the current global hits and enjoy your own personalized music experience.ĩ. Any unused portion of a free Pandora Plus trial period will be forfeited if you upgrade to Pandora Premium.Ĩ. From rap and pop to rock and country, play your favorite artists and stay up to date on today’s top hits and releases.ħ. With Podcasts on Pandora, find your favorites and listen to personalized recommendations that actually make sense.Ħ. Download today and get instant access to your favorite artists and podcasts, while staying up to date on the most recent singles and releases.ĥ. Pending trial eligibility, charges for Plus ($4.99/month) or Premium ($12.99/month) begin at the end of a free trial unless you cancel 24 hours prior to the end of the current subscription month.Ĥ. Find something new by simply browse and tap recommended podcasts to find over 1,400 podcasts, including SiriusXM shows, on-demand whether you're on Pandora Premium, Plus or Radio.ģ. Create stations from your favorite songs, artists or genres, search or browse to find recommended stations for your mood or activity, and discover podcasts that speak to you.Ģ. ![]() Honorary pallbearers will be members of the B.P.O.E. Pallbearers will be Michael Evans, John Phillips, Stephen Robert, Brett Ravenberg, Bert Winschel, and John Stimage. Visitation will begin at 1:00 P.M and burial will follow the service in Greenlawn Gardens Cemetery in Vicksburg, MS. and Mary Frances Rone brothers, Hubert Rone, Luther Rone, and Wally Rone and sisters, Pauline Moore and Lorine Williams.Ĭarlton is survived by his wife of 66 years, Mildred (Millie) Rone sister, Patricia Proctor of Kosciusko, MS son, James Rone daughters, Lori Evans (Greg) and Eleanor Phillips (Greg) all of Vicksburg, MS grandchildren, Stephanie Robert (Stephen), Lisa Ravenberg (Brett), Michael Evans (Emily), John Phillips, and Laura Phillips and great- grandchildren, Lucas, Joe, and Matthew Robert Evelyn, Thomas, Henry, and Claire Ravenberg and George and Issac Evans and numerous nieces and nephews.Ī funeral service will be held on Monday, October 9, 2023, at Glenwood Funeral Home at 2:00 P.M. He will be missed by all who knew him.Ĭarlton is preceded in death by his parents two children, Carlton L. Carlton loved to spend time with his family, and in turn, was loved by his family more than words can express. He taught all his children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren the do’s and don’ts of growing vegetables. Carlton enjoyed the outdoors and was an avid gardener. As an active member of the Elk’s, he spear-headed the annual delivery of Thanksgiving baskets to over 100 needy families in Vicksburg. He served in various positions during his 36 years of government service which included being a Research Civil Engineer in the Soils and Pavements Laboratory and the Chief of Construction Services. Army Corps of Engineers - Waterways Experiment Station. Rone.Ĭarlton graduated from Mississippi State University College of Engineering before moving to Vicksburg, MS in 1956 where he was employed by the U.S. He was born August 6, 1928, in Ethel, Mississippi to Tobe V. Give us a call or send a message now, and we will promptly attend to your queries.Carlton Lamar Rone passed away peacefully at his home on Tuesday, October 3, 2023, at the age of 95. We believe that customer satisfaction is crucial, and we want to become your preferred choice for Mobile Home Movers, which you will always recommend to your friends and family. If you are viewing our site from a different state, or maybe you are looking to move your manufactured home from where you currently are to Mississippi or the surrounding areas, then we would love to hear from you. If you have just searched for ‘mobile park homes near me’ and we popped up, then you know we have covered you. No matter the move distance required, we will always be able to help. While we can only work within the parameters set, we will always make sure that everyone is informed of our intentions to try and minimize disruption as much as possible. ![]() Moving home can be exciting, and we need to be organized when moving a mobile home to make sure we create the least disturbance and operate as effectively as possible.Īlong with our customers being our main priority, we are always considerate to other trailer park residents. ![]() Identifies the first instructive signal required for organizer function.īachiller, D. Neural and head induction by insulin-like growth factor signals. Endogenous Cerberus activity is required for anterior head specification in Xenopus. Provides evidence that head induction is the result of triple inhibition of Nodal, bone morphogenetic proteins and Wnt signals. The head inducer Cerberus is a multifunctional antagonist of Nodal, BMP and Wnt signals. Anterior identity is established in chick epiblast by hypoblast and anterior definitive endoderm. Shows that the role of Nodal antagonists is to negatively regulate mesoderm formation.Ĭhapman, S. Nodal antagonists in the anterior visceral endoderm prevent the formation of multiple primitive streaks. Positive and negative signals modulate formation of the Xenopus cement gland. Anterior patterning by synergistic activity of the early gastrula organizer and the anterior germ layer tissues of the mouse embryo. Reconciling different models of forebrain induction and patterning: a dual role for the hypoblast. Shows that head-organizer activity is predominatly located in presumptive prechordal mesendoderm, rather than the anterior endoderm.įoley, A. Spatially distinct head and heart inducers within the Xenopus organizer region. ![]() Axis development and early asymmetry in mammals. The role of prechordal mesendoderm in neural patterning. Molecular interactions continously define the organizer during the cell movements of gastrulation. Discovery of tail-inducer activity outside the Spemann–Mangold organizer and identification of the involvement of Wnt, bone morphogenetic proteins and Nodal signals. The molecular nature of the zebrafish tail organizer. Tail bud determination in the vertebrate embryo. Refutes the view that head-organizer activity in the mouse resides exclusively in the anterior visceral endoderm shows that definitive anterior mesendoderm that is derived from the primitive streak harbours head-organizer activity. The organizer of the mouse gastrula is composed of a dynamic population of progenitor cells for the axial mesoderm. Visceral endoderm mediates forebrain development by suppressing posteriorizing signals. Head induction in the chick by primitive endoderm of mammalian, but not avian origin. Shows that presumptive prechordal mesendoderm contains anterior neural-inducing activity.īeddington, R. Anterior mesendoderm induces mouse Engrailed genes in explant cultures. Axis-inducing activities and cell fates of the zebrafish organizer. Saude, L., Woolley, K., Martin, P., Driever, W. Anteroposterior patterning in the zebrafish, Danio rerio: an explant assay reveals inductive and suppressive cell interactions. Patterning of the chick forebrain anlage by the prechordal plate. Retinoid signalling in the development of the central nervous system. Fibroblast growth factor signalling during early vertebrate development. Initial patterning of the central nervous system: how many organizers? Nature Rev. Neural induction: toward a unifying mechanism. Shaping the vertebrate body plan by polarized embryonic cell movements. The vertebrate organizer (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2003). Spemann's organizer: models and molecules. The establishment of Spemann's organizer and patterning of the vertebrate embryo. Nodal is upstream of the orthogonal activity gradients of Wnt and BMP, which specify the anterior–posterior and dorsal–ventral axes the three growth-factor pathways cross-regulate each other.ĭe Robertis, E. In zebrafish, the tail organizer is composed of cells from the dorsal as well as the ventral side of the gastrula-stage embryo.ĭuring embryonic axis formation, BMP, Nodal and Wnt growth factors act in signalling gradients to pattern embryonic cells in a dose-dependent fashion. The tail organizer requires activity of BMP, Nodal and Wnt growth factors. The trunk organizer requires inhibition of BMP growth factors and expresses a corresponding set of BMP antagonists. The head organizer requires inhibition of BMP, Nodal and Wnt growth factors and expresses a corresponding set of growth-factor antagonists. Recent evidence indicates that both models apply. They have different cell compositions and express distinct genes.Ī long-standing question is whether the regionally specific inductions of the Spemann–Mangold organizer are the result of quantitative or qualitative mechanisms. Head, trunk and tail organizers can be distinguished on the basis of transplantation experiments in all vertebrates. It coordinates pattern formation along the anterior–posterior, dorsal–ventral and left–right axes. The Spemann–Mangold organizer is an axis-inducing centre that is evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates. ![]() If tested positive, their contacts shall be identified and managed as per laid down protocol. On arrival, thermal screening would be carried out and those passengers found to be symptomatic during screening would be immediately isolated and taken to a medical facility. ![]() All passengers are expected to download the Indian-government’s contact tracing app Aarogya Setu app on their mobile devices. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare states airlines will allow boarding by only those passengers who have filled in all the information in the self-declaration form on the Air Suvidha portal and uploaded the negative RT-PCR test report.Īt the time of boarding the flight, only asymptomatic travellers will be allowed to board after thermal screening. It has been made mandatory for all travellers to submit complete and factual information in self-declaration form on the online Air Suvidha portal before their scheduled travel, including last 14 days travel and upload a negative Covid-19 RT-PCR report for a test conducted within 72 hours prior to undertaking the journey. If those travellers who are under home quarantine or self-health monitoring develop Covid-19 symptoms or test positive for Covid-19 on re-testing, they will need to immediately self-isolate and report to their nearest health facility or call the country’s national helpline number (1075) or their state helpline number. Those who test positive would be managed at an isolation facility and treated as per laid down standard protocol including contact tracing. If found negative, they will need to further self-monitor their health for the next seven days. Travellers are mandated to upload the results of a repeat RT-PCR test for Covid-19 done on the 8th day on the Air Suvidha portal. ![]() The Indian government issued the latest advisory guidance for international travel to India that mandates all travellers to undergo home quarantine for seven days and undertake an RT-PCR test on the 8th day of arrival in India. ![]() pint or so okra, sliced into rounds - Greensgrow.shrimp stock (or any other stock) - homemade.Serves 2 as a meal, 4 as not really a meal As with all simple cooking, it’s the quality of the ingredients that truly matters. NOTE: I would seriously encourage you to orchestrate some homemade stock into this dish. It was claimed that this may have been the best thing I have cooked in the past six months. And sometimes fast.īorn was this uncomplicated and somehow deeply flavorful stew roughly based on the many varieties of ancestral gumbo cooked throughout West Africa, especially Senegal and Nigeria. Across this largely tropical coast, history and ecology have produced rich and entirely unique cuisines that also happen to rely on very few available resources and ingredients. When it came time to turn my okra into dinner, I was so exhausted from lugging 40 lb bags of mushroom poop up three flights of stairs to my third story garden that all I could possibly take on was something relatively fast and super simple. ![]() It’s been part of local cultures for centuries…defining textural tastes ( neba neba!)…thickening traditional dishes ( gumbo’s got roots too)…supposedly even keeping Cleopatra’s skin free and clear of any unsightly acne. Okra is a dietary staple from West Africa through the Sahara and across Asia to Japan. And those aren’t hard to come by for this little “finger” food. What better way to enjoy a superfood than with roots. And with almost no accompanying calories, fat or cholesterol, this superfood is a golden ticket to health, weight loss, happiness, and, at $3.50 a pound, a fatter wallet too. Look out for a blast of vitamin C, folate (a B vitamin that your red blood cells love), calcium and potassium too. It bulks, greases, detoxes, feeds your healthy probiotic gut bacteria…intestine heaven. The mucilaginous fiber contained in the pods is like compost for your poop. If my description of okra’s many fine qualities has you grimacing with disgust, keep in mind that it also happens to be a nutritional powerhouse, especially when it comes to healthy digestion. The longer the pod, the more likely it has grown woody. Nice combo of pretty green and purple varietals with dainty pods, which is good when you’re talking okra. So when I saw it for $3.50 a pound at Greensgrow’s Saturday market ( try $8 at some other farm stands ) I was all over it. There’s really nothing else like the texture of good, young, fresh, homegrown okra. I almost constantly crave the seductively silky slime that oozes between the bright bubble-like seeds of the tender pod. ![]() Image Credit: Michael Buckner for Variety It’s hard to believe that Gabrielle Union is 50, but she just keeps getting better every year (especially when it comes to wowing in a bikini snapshot!) ![]() Image Credit: Gilbert Flores for Variety. Whether it be on the beach or on her OnlyFans, Denise Richards knows how to turn heads in any type of bikini. Image Credit: Gille Toucas/CBS via Getty Images. But in December 2022, she showed off some beach-wear on her Instagram account, sporting an itty bitty black string bikini with a gray sweater. Supermodel Elle Macpherson knows how to work practically any look she fashions. Image Credit: Stephane Cardinale - Corbis/Corbis via Getty Images The actress shared a video of herself frolicking in a bikini looking totally joyful! Just as 2023 struck, Naomi Watts took to Instagram to declare she’s “coming in hot” for the new year. Image Credit: Patrick McMullan via Getty Image Image Credit: Michael Buckner/WWD via Getty ImagesĪngela Bassett is well aware that she’s only getting better-looking every year, as demonstrated with her very alluring 60th birthday bikini photo. We love her windswept braid, too, and the fact that she looks so happy with her partner Johnny McDaid! Supermodel Janice Dickinson is no stranger to showing off her body - even at 66 in this sunny bikini pic.Ĭourteney Cox could not look more joyful rocking a cute black bikini while navigating the open seas. Gwyneth Paltrow is no stranger to showing off her flawless figure in a bikini, but the actress took things a step further by posing nude in gold body paint in honor of her 50th trip around the sun - talk about iconic. Image Credit: Charley Gallay/Getty Images for Veuve Clicquot Regina King doesn’t just serve up your everyday bikini photo - she’s out here giving us slow-motion videos of her diving off a boat into the sea, with perfect form, while looking amazing in a bikini. Back in December 2022, the Black-ish star served some major goddess vibes with a series of bikini snapshots from her trip to Jamaica! Tracee Ellis Ross’ Instagram account features some fabulous bikini snapshots. Image Credit: Gilbert Flores/WWD via Getty Images “Too often, it’s only as people realize that they will lose their bodies that they finally appreciate how truly wonderful the body is,” the caption reads. ![]() Her latest video, which compiled many photos of her at the beach, also included some wise words from author Kerry Egan in the caption. Paulina Porizkova, who just happens to be our latest digital issue cover star, often gifts her fans with bikini-clad videos and photos. Image Credit: Jamie McCarthy/Getty Images Sofía Vergara has been known to flaunt her curves in a bikini snap from time to time including over the summer when she embraced the single life with some sultry snapshots while on vacation. Image Credit: Gilbert Flores/Variety via Getty Images These days, many of the most enviable celebrity bodies out there belong to women over 50, and we wouldn’t have it any other way.Ī version of this article was originally published in August 2021. We couldn’t stand more behind Porizkova’s vision, so read on for all the fabulous celebrity women who are doing their part to show that age is just a number - not a number that comes with a new dress code. ![]() And I want to shine a bright light in the dark corners of the shame that is heaped on women for daring to age.” But I do want to make the best of what I was given. “I do not want to fight myself everyday for the rest of my life. “You know what the only way to stop aging? Dying,” she continued. Pills, potions and workouts to fight the aging process,” Porizkova wrote. Yet, if you do an internet search on aging, this is what you’ll get. Model Paulina Porizkova has been making headlines for her self-love in recent years, between her full-frontal nude Vogue Czechoslovakia cover at age 56 and her recent Instagram tirade against the gospel of “anti-aging” products. ![]() When done correctly, a ring chime would play. Prior to version 1.03, there was an Easter egg activated by grabbing onto a chain in Hydrocity Zone Act 1 and inputting Left, Left, Left, Right, Right, Right, Up, Up, Up. Considering this is a music-based function, and the above code is a reference to a Mania composer's birthday, this connection seems likely. It's thought that it could have been activated it at some point during development using the Hunter Bridges' Birthday Code from above, before it was a part of the Unlock All Gold Medallions cheat. It's speculated to have been removed due to the console versions not being able to run it properly. While there are references in the code of the Switch version to it, the Steam release of Sonic Mania Plus is the only way to get it working via modding. While the data is bunched together with other Level Select codes, the code to activate it is somewhat unfinished. The mode makes all music in-game slower and lower in pitch. While it does nothing by itself other than make a ring chime, it is part of the "Unlock All Gold Medallions" cheat.Ī Vaporwave mode (referred to as "Vape Mode" in the code) is an unused mode within the code of Sonic Mania Plus. Unused Cheat Codes Hunter Bridges' Birthday Code ( NOTE: This does not affect trophies or achievements.) If all of these steps are done correctly, you should obtain a plethora of messages saying you've unlocked various extras. Now enter a level and immediately leave it. Instead of hearing the ring chime (unless you've input something wrong), you should hear the Gold Medallion obtained sound. Now go to the Mania Mode menu, turn on Debug Mode, hover over No Save, and press and hold the buttons corresponding to your console to enter Level Select.Īfter getting to the Level Select, go to the Sound Test and input the Ricky Mania cheat ( 01, 09, 07, 09, 00, 08, 01, 01). To start, input the Unlock Debug Mode cheat from earlier ( Up, Up, Down, Down, Up, Up, Up, Up). However, as of version 1.05 (Sonic Mania Plus), YouTuber CodenameGamma found that there is a multi-step code to unlock everything from the very beginning of the game without playing the Blue Sphere stages (you may need the Encore DLC or Sonic Mania Plus for this): Playing and perfecting all the Blue Sphere bonus stages will get you the Gold Medallions, which will unlock extra features like Debug Mode and the D.A. Play sound 1F and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 1E and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 1D and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 1C and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 1B and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 1A and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 19 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 18 and select Special Stage 2. ![]() Play sound 17 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 16 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 15 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 14 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 13 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 12 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 11 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 10 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 0F and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 0E and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 0D and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 0C and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 0B and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 0A and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 09 and select Special Stage 2. Play sound 08 and select Special Stage 2. The game emulates the style of the original Sega Genesis Sonic games. The game was announced on 22 July 2016 and released on 15 August 2017 for Nintendo Switch, Xbox One, and PlayStation 4, and on 29 August 2017 for PC.Ī definitive version of the game titled Sonic Mania Plus, was released on 17 July 2018 as paid downloadable content to the base game alongside a physical version of the game. It includes the return of Mighty the Armadillo and Ray the Flying Squirrel as playable characters, as well as a 4-player Competition Mode and an “Encore Mode". Sonic Mania was developed by Christian Whitehead, along with Headcannon and PagodaWest Games, known for their work in the Sonic fan game community, and was published by Sega. ![]() Eggman and his Hard Boiled Heavies from harnessing a mysterious new energy source. Set in an alternate reality after the events of Sonic 3 and Knuckles, the game follows Sonic the Hedgehog, Miles "Tails" Prower, and Knuckles the Echidna as they try to keep Dr. Sonic Mania Box art for Sonic Mania Sonic Mania is a side-scrolling platformer video game in the Sonic the Hedgehog franchise which acts as a celebration of the Sonic series' 25th anniversary. ![]() ![]() The interviews took place in January-March 2020. 2018-2046) was obtained from the Tulane University’s Institutional Review Board (IRB) participants provided verbal consent prior to the interview. This validation study employed data from structured surveys with VA older adults in the New Orleans area. This present study seeks to fill this gap by assessing the performance of this test with a community-based sample of Vietnamese American (VA) older adults aged 60+ in the New Orleans area. ![]() Therefore, effective early detection of cognitive decline, using appropriately validated test such as the MoCA, is important for this population as the MoCA test in Vietnamese has not been validated with a community-based sample for early MCI screening. 14 These co-morbid factors can put Vietnamese older adults at an increased risk of cognitive decline. In addition, Asian Americans in general are at a particularly high risk for viral hepatitis. 13 VAs also have markedly higher incidences of cervical and liver cancer compared to any other ethnic groups. For instance, compared to other Asian American subgroups, VA women had the highest rates of stroke and dementia. Several medical conditions associated with increased risks of cognitive decline were common among Vietnamese. 9–11 A recent study of the MoCA test in Vietnamese included a very small sample (n=7) of Vietnamese older adults who had been diagnosed with dementia or neurocognitive disorder. 5–7 Research with a community-based sample, where the MoCA and MMSE scores were compared 8 or the internal reliability and construct validity of the MoCA test were examined remains limited. 4 In more recent validations of the MoCA test in languages other than English, the test scores were also compared between groups with and without a clinical diagnosis of cognitive impairment. In many studies, the MoCA test and subtests have primarily been validated against either a clinical diagnosis or the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score, another tool also widely used for MCI screening. Koski 3 summarized this literature within the context of cerebrovascular diseases, where cognitive impairment is a common consequence. With a score between 0 and 30 points, the MoCA has the ability to assess multiple cognitive domains 1,2 it has been used in more than 200 countries in different languages, and available for clinical and educational use from Many researchers have validated the MoCA test the vast majority of such studies were with patient populations - those at risk or already diagnosed with cognitive impairments. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 1 is a simple and user friendly tool widely used for screening mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. The promising performance of a Vietnamese version of the MoCA test seen in this study has important practical implications for the screening of MCI among an important immigrant population in community settings. The study suggests several potential areas for improvement to enhance discriminating power of certain items and sub-tests, including the memory domain. The test was found to be a reliable, and likely valid, instrument for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screening within our study population. Our findings indicate good psychometric applicability and internal reliability, as well as construct and criterion validity of this modification of the MoCA test. We also correlated the MoCA score with individual characteristics, including age, sex, and education. Item analyses, and construct and criterion validity analyses were performed. METHODSįorty-eight older adults were interviewed using a Vietnamese version of MoCA. The goal of this study was to assess how the Vietnamese version of the MoCA test performed in a community-based sample of Vietnamese American (VA) older adults, an immigrant population with whom the MoCA test has not been validated. |
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